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A caregiver is someone who offers emotional or physical support to another person, a role that encompasses a wide range of activities, especially in eldercare. This role varies significantly, from custodial caregivers, who perform tasks like cooking, cleaning, and providing companionship, to professional or “skilled” caregivers, who are qualified to offer medical assistance.
Understanding the specifics of caregiving is crucial, whether you’re considering hiring a caregiver for a loved one or embarking on a caregiving career yourself. Here’s a closer look at the types of caregivers and the diverse duties they undertake.
Types of Caregivers
Caregivers can be categorized in several ways, typically falling into one of four categories:
Family Caregivers: These individuals provide a range of support levels to their parents, spouses, or other family members, often on a non-professional basis.
Generally unpaid, though funding is may be available through Medicaid
Usually a spouse or adult child
Provide custodial care and basic medical care when approved by medical staff (ex: diabetes management or wound care)
May assist with matters of estate planning and finances
Volunteer Caregivers: These are unpaid individuals committed to offering non-medical support to community members.
Unpaid
Usually a neighbor, family friend, or community member
Provide supervision, companionship, and other custodial care (cooking, cleaning, etc.)
Nonmedical Caregivers: Usually employed by agencies, these caregivers offer care akin to that provided by family caregivers, focusing on non-medical support.
Paid
Generally licensed
Usually a private hire or an employee of a caregiving agency
Provide custodial and nonmedical care
Skilled Caregivers: Possessing degrees or certifications, skilled caregivers are equipped to offer medical care, often in more complex situations.
Paid
Generally hold an HHA certification or CNA license
Provide more in-depth care such as bathing, grooming, toileting, and transfers
Generally cannot perform procedures such as finger pricks or medication administration (unless they are an LPN or RN)
Duties of a Caregiver
The role of a caregiver adapts to the needs of the person receiving care, from minimal support like transportation to comprehensive, around-the-clock assistance. Here are some specific duties caregivers might perform:
Providing Transportation
Caregivers ensure individuals make it to their medical appointments or run errands such as grocery shopping.
Medication Management
They oversee the purchase, organization, and administration of medications. See: Free Medication Log Templates
Monitoring Medical Conditions
Caregivers keep an eye on chronic conditions such as diabetes, COPD, or dementia, adjusting care as needed.
Communication with Medical Professionals
They act as a bridge between the care recipient and healthcare providers, ensuring clear and accurate information exchange.
Facilitating Provider Interactions
Caregivers help coordinate services with various providers and agencies, streamlining care.
Assistance with Daily Living Activities
This includes helping with getting in and out of bed, dressing, bathing, and toileting, essential for those with mobility or cognitive issues.
Housework and Chores Assistance
They aid in maintaining a clean and safe living environment.
Meal Preparation
Caregivers ensure nutritious meals are prepared, taking into account any dietary restrictions or preferences.
Financial and Insurance Management
In some cases, caregivers assist with managing finances and navigating insurance matters, ensuring that medical care and other needs are affordably covered.
Caregiving is a multifaceted profession, with roles tailored to the unique needs of each individual receiving care. Understanding these nuances is key to finding the right caregiver or determining the most fitting caregiving path for oneself.
Source: Paula Hill, staff editor, Familycaregiversonline.net
We hope this information is helpful to you in the important work you do as a family caregiver.
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